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  • Credit and Anti-Social Force Checks

What Is a Credit Investigation (Credit Check)? An Introduction to the Basics and Tips for Cost Reduction!

Last Updated: December 11, 2024

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In the course of corporate management, many companies conduct credit investigations. While these investigations can incur costs, you can minimize expenses by selecting appropriate investigation methods based on factors such as the size of the target company. This article provides an overview of credit investigations, outlines various methodologies, and explains how to reduce the costs associated with them.

What Is a Credit Investigation?

A credit investigation involves assessing the reliability and creditworthiness of a business partner or individual by examining their financial standing, management status, and transaction history.
Investigations conducted primarily to evaluate a partner's reliability and solvency are referred to as "Credit Investigations," while those conducted to confirm the absence of ties to anti-social forces or criminal organizations are known as "Anti-Social Force Checks."

To maintain stable business operations, it is essential to investigate in advance whether a business partner has the capacity to pay and whether there is a risk of a sudden decline in their creditworthiness. Furthermore, engaging with anti-social forces can negatively impact a company's reputation and credibility, and may lead to significant legal risks. Therefore, the purpose of conducting credit investigations is to proactively verify that there are no potential negative impacts on your company.

Risks of Not Conducting Credit Investigations

Credit investigations are an essential process for evaluating the reliability of partner companies and maintaining stable business operations. Proceeding with corporate activities without conducting credit investigations can lead to various risks.

Financial Risks

If you begin transactions without clear information regarding a partner company's management status or financial health, and that company happens to have solvency issues, your accounts receivable may become stagnant. This can deteriorate your company's cash flow and negatively impact your operating capital.

Supply Chain Risks

If a business partner faces financial distress, there is a risk that service delivery may be disrupted, such as through sudden production halts, supply shortages, or a decline in quality.

Credit Risk

If a business partner is involved in misconduct or corruption, or shows potential ties to antisocial forces, it could significantly damage your company's reputation. In the event of legal issues or litigation, the resulting expenditure of time, money, and effort would place a substantial burden on your organization.

Methods of Credit Investigation

Credit investigation methods are broadly categorized into four types: Internal Investigation, Direct Investigation, External Investigation, and Commissioned Investigation.

Internal Investigation

Internal investigation, also known as in-house research, utilizes information and data already held by your company to conduct credit assessments. This involves collecting past transaction histories and records of payment delays from internal databases to evaluate creditworthiness. In some cases, it may also involve direct communication with the partner company to gather information regarding their reliability and risk management policies.

Direct Investigation

Direct investigation is the process of gathering information directly from the target company. Common methods include surveys, inquiries, and dialogues conducted via telephone, fax, or email. This approach is used to gain a more detailed understanding of the partner's financial status and credit value.

External Investigation

When gathering information, methods for obtaining data from sources other than the target company itself include government agency research and external research utilizing the internet. Government agency research involves obtaining information from commercial or real estate registries, while internet-based search research involves collecting information from online media and other sources.

Commissioned Research

Commissioned research refers to outsourcing the investigation of a business partner's credit information to a third party, such as a specialized credit research agency or credit reporting company. This method is particularly used to obtain information that is difficult to investigate independently, thereby helping to reduce transaction risks.


Credit investigations are conducted by combining the necessary elements from the four methods mentioned above. By utilizing multiple methods whenever possible, a comprehensive and highly reliable assessment becomes possible, allowing credit risks to be minimized.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Credit Research Companies

Credit research companies are specialized organizations that collect and analyze corporate credit information and provide that data to various businesses. It is widely known that specialized credit research companies are utilized when conducting credit investigations or anti-social force checks. We will explain the advantages and disadvantages of using credit research companies.

Advantages of Using Credit Research Companies

The primary advantage of using credit information obtained through credit research companies is its high reliability. You can obtain a wide range of corporate information, including basic data such as capital and number of employees, as well as payment delay information and credit ratings.

Disadvantages of Using Credit Research Companies

While using credit research companies allows for the collection of a wide range of credit information with high precision, it incurs investigation costs. You must carefully consider these costs, especially when you need to investigate a large number of companies.
Additionally, for new investigations where the target company is not already registered, it generally takes about one month or more to complete the research, and in some cases, additional fees may be required to shorten the investigation period.


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What Is the Significance of Implementing a Credit Management System? Key Selection Criteria Explained ▶

What Is a Primary Credit Check?

Before engaging a credit reporting agency, there are steps your company can take independently. This is known as a primary credit check. To reduce operational costs, conducting an internal primary check before commissioning a professional credit report is essential.

Verify the Corporate Registry

Because it is legally impossible to include false information in a corporate registry, it serves as a highly reliable source for verifying a company's creditworthiness. Methods for checking the registry include requesting a certificate of registered matters at a Legal Affairs Bureau counter or by mail, or using the online registry information service. Since both methods incur costs, it is necessary to select and obtain only the required information based on your specific objectives to keep investigation expenses under control.

Conduct Internet Research

You can conduct research by searching for industry-specific negative keywords. Perform searches by combining the company name or representative's name with terms such as "organized crime," "arrest," "reputation," or "violation."

Since there are various types of negative keywords, it is necessary to establish internal rules regarding which keywords to use and share them across the team. While you can refer to official websites or industry news pages, you should consult with specialized agencies if you find it difficult to interpret or make judgments based on the information obtained through internet searches.

Conduct On-Site Investigations

Another method is to visit the target company in person. This allows you to directly observe the behavior of senior management and employees, as well as the condition of office equipment and facilities, making it easier to grasp the actual situation.

If you intend to maintain a long-term business relationship, current trust is vital. Therefore, when visiting or conducting interviews, you must exercise extreme caution and consideration to ensure that the company does not realize they are being investigated. Additionally, direct on-site investigations are difficult if the target company is located far away.

Utilize Corporate Databases for Research

You can also conduct credit research by leveraging corporate databases. "uSonar," which is based on LBC, the largest corporate database in Japan, enables simplified credit checks by combining its proprietary scoring system with a database of companies requiring caution.

The Importance of Primary Credit Checks

Primary credit checks are essential for reducing time and financial costs. Outsourcing all credit investigations to a credit reporting agency is both expensive and time-consuming. By first conducting an internal primary check and only requesting professional services for information that could not be verified internally, you can conduct credit investigations more efficiently.

Furthermore, data shows that very few companies actually go bankrupt even if they appear to have credit issues.
When using uSonar's caution database and scoring system for primary checks, establishing internal rules is a recommended approach. For companies that meet a certain evaluation threshold, proceeding with transactions based on the results of the primary check is a viable strategy.

Features of "uSonar": Reducing Risk Check Costs by 90%

Accurate and efficient primary checks are indispensable when investigating the creditworthiness of business partners.
"uSonar" is a groundbreaking service that accelerates primary credit checks and significantly reduces costs.

uSonar's database is composed of a wide range of information sources, including commercial registration data, corporate data, administrative action history, and over 30 years of newspaper and news archives. This enables the early detection of potential risks in business partners and the implementation of appropriate countermeasures.

Furthermore, by utilizing AI-driven analysis, the system automatically extracts signs of risk from vast amounts of data. This significantly reduces the time and costs compared to traditional manual research methods.

By using "uSonar," you can reduce risk check costs by up to 90% while achieving highly reliable primary checks. This allows companies to conduct business efficiently and safely.
Please see below for more details.

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Summary

It is important to perform primary credit checks effectively, proceed with detailed investigations only for companies deemed high-risk, and conduct simplified checks for others to manage risk according to the situation. By balancing risk management and cost reduction while utilizing information effectively, you can optimize your credit investigation process.

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About the Author

uSonar

uSonar Editorial Department

MX Group, Editor-in-Chief

This is the uSonar Editorial Department.
We provide information on data utilization and digital technology useful for rethinking business operations, primarily for companies engaged in B2B business.

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  • SAKURA internet
  • SATO
  • Sozon Information Systems Co., Ltd.
  • Suzuyo
  • RICOH
  • Bengo4.com, Inc.
  • Resona Bank, Ltd.
  • SAKURA internet
  • SATO
  • Sozon Information Systems Co., Ltd.
  • Suzuyo
  • RICOH
  • Bengo4.com, Inc.
  • Resona Bank, Ltd.
  • SAKURA internet
  • SATO
  • Sozon Information Systems Co., Ltd.
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